I've actually been having a very similar problem. I was running 2.0.13, then upgraded to 2.0.14 when I realised I was missing a lot of scores, then the latest revision of 2.0.15, to no avail. I wasn't aware of the entry in the ini file, but it doesn't seem to work - I assume I should be setting FullScoreUpload to 1, then hitting Upload My Scores under Change Settings as normal. It resets the value and the upload takes longer, but it doesn't actually upload the scores! I have a decent computer (AMD 2400+, 768MB memory, nVidia 6600GT graphics), so I shouldn't have any problems on that note. (If it helps, I'm running the Windows version.)
In particular (that I've noticed), neither GO4IT nor Veere's Dungeon appear at all on CaravelNet on my stats page, even though I've mastered them both, Dinfro Budkin's Wine Cellar appears in the unconquered section even though I've conquered it, and I have at least one room in Dinfro Budkin's Wine Cellar that definitely hasn't uploaded properly (screenshot attached). I definitely had a valid (green tick) connection to CaravelNet at the time I beat that room.
A possibly related issue - my CaravelNet key seems to be going invalid for no apparent reason on a semi-regular basis (about bimonthly).
Is there any way to get my scores up there?
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Stupidity kills.
Absolute stupidity
Kills absolutely.